1¢
Blue, dark blue
TYPE Ia
Printing Method: Die-to-relief-to-plate transfer process
Plate: IV
Printer: Toppan, Carpenter, Casilier & Co.
Subject: Benjamin Franklin
Number issued: 110,000
Perforations: Imperforate
Watermark: Unwatermarked
Scott #: 6
Issued: April 19th, 1857
Only 1 in 50 imperforate 1¢ Franklins are #6
Used
$2,400 - $7,000
No postmark with gum (MH)
$16,000 - $55,000
Full perfect gum, no postmark
no trace of stamp hinge mark (MNH)
No sales recorded
The vignette was based on Giuseppe Ceracchi's 1791 bust of Benjamin Franklin
Along the side margin of the sheet can be found the Printers imprint along with the plate number
The flaw at the top left inner circle is present on all #6's but is not exclusive to #6.
Position 81R4
#6 is a Type Ia design. The design on the bottom and sides of Type Ia are complete. However the design at the top is not complete, some of the top ornaments have been burnished off, see illustration below.
Type 1a can be found on eighteen plate positions, all from the bottom row of plate IV.
Notes on #6
1) There is no stamp beneath them as they come from the bottom row
2) Type 1a can be found on the perforated stamp as well (Scott #19)
3) Although the stamp can be distinguished by a broken curved line at the top, a few of the positions have a blurred burr where the line is broken, giving one the first impression that the line is unbroken.
4) They were only printed in the months of April, May and June 1857, a late period in the printing of the imperforate.
5) The imperforate stamps were replaced with the perforated stamps on August 1st 1857.
6) A certificate is a must, never buy without one.
Why are there only eighteen positions?
The design of this early issue was too large to allow for the accommodation of the 200 subjects onto one plate. Therefore, each position had to have some amount of the design erased to allow enough room. These erasures accounted for the majority of the types. Eighteen positions, however, had only minimal erasure to the top of the design whilst the rest of the design was left complete
How to read plate positions?
The first indicator is a number indicates its position on the plate, so 3RIE would have come from the third stamp on the plate. The number can range from 1 to 100, there being 100 stamps on each plate.
The second indicator is either the letter R or L, R indicates the stamp came from the right pane, L for the left pane. The stamp was printed in sheets of 200, each sheet was further divided into two panes of 100. Hence 3RIE would have come from the right pane as the second indicator in 3R1E is the letter R.
The third indicator can be from numbers I (1) to XII (12). This indicator is always shown in roman numerals. There were twelve plates, there are no stamps from plate VI (6) as it was destroyed before printing began (no doubt it was flawed). For example stamp 4RIL would have come from plate one (1).
The last or fourth indicator is either the letter E or L. The letter 'E' indicate an early state of the plate, the letter 'L' indicates the late state of the plate. This indicator only applies to PLATE I, as it is the only one that has an early and late plate. The early plate is the original plate. After 11 months the plate became worn and 199 of the 200 positions were recut. 113 positions on the plate had both top and bottom lines recut, 40 positions had only the top line recut, 8 positions had only the bottom line recut, 11 positions had a double recut at the bottom and 4 positions had a double recut at the to
How many plates were there?
There were twelve plates of the 1¢ Franklin made, plate six was never used, probably due to it being damaged in it's creation. Most of the plates were used for both the imperforate and perforated design. Some only produced one type or the other. For instance, plate 12 produced only perforated stamps and the early state of Plate 1 produced only imperforate stamps whilst plate I late (reconstruction) produced both imperforate and perforated stamps. Plate 4 was the last of the imperforate plates to be used.
Chart supplied by courtesy of Chris Biason